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Singh, B. N.

Drosophila ananassae – Why it is Considered as a Unique Species in the Genus Drosophila

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Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 114, No 01 (2018), Pagination: 11-12

Abstract

Drosophila is a genus belonging to the family Drosophilidae (class: Insecta and order: Diptera). It is characterized by rich species diversity at the global level as well as in India. Species belonging to the family Drosophlidae are commonly known as drosophilids. Although at the global level, the estimated number of species of the genus Drosophila is expected to be thousands, 1579 species have been described so far. In India, 156 species of the genus Drosophila have been reported3. This number will certainly increase if taxonomy research is continued in the subcontinent.

Full Text

References

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Nanda, P. and Singh, B. N., Genetica, 2011, 139, 273–279.

Nanda, P. and Singh, B. N., Genetica, 2011, 139, 779–787.

Hundred Years of Research on Inversion Polymorphism in Drosophila

Abstract Views :316 | PDF Views:75

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 117, No 5 (2019), Pagination: 761-775

Abstract

Paracentric inversions are widespread in the genus Drosophila. Naturally occurring chromosome inversions were detected very early indirectly as far as genetics history is concerned. Sturtevant in 1917 found that in certain strains of D. melanogaster reduced recombination was due to inversions in order of genes in chromosomes, a proposal which was subsequently verified by him in 1926 and 1931 based on the data of genetic mapping. The physical reality of chromosomal inversions was confirmed with the discovery of giant salivary gland chromosomes in Drosophila by Painter in 1933. From which the gene order could be known from the banding pattern. Since the initial work of Sturtevant in 1917 on inversions in Drosophila, hundred years have lapsed and chromosomal polymorphism due to inversions in a large number of species of the genus Drosophila has been extensively studied by using polytene chromosome maps. About one hundred species of Drosophila have been found to be chromosomally polymorphic. Hundred years of research on inversion polymorphism in Drosophila have revealed that inversions in Drosophila are important from view point of population and evolutionary studies. This review briefly summarizes the important findings pertaining to the research of hundred years on inversion polymorphism in different species of Drosophila.

Keywords

Drosophila, Genetic Coadaptation, Inversion Polymorphism, Population Dynamics.

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The Drosophila bipectinate Species Complex: Phylogenetic Relationships among Different Members

Drosophila ananassae Doleschall and Drosophila pallidosa Bock and Wheeler: A Unique Pair of Sibling Species

Abstract Views :195 | PDF Views:92

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 8 (2021), Pagination: 1282-1283

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

No Keywords.

Full Text

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Allopatric and Sympatric Modes of Speciation: Examples from Drosophila

Abstract Views :259 | PDF Views:71

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 121, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 56-60

Abstract

Basically, there are two different ways by which new species are created: anagenesis and cladogenesis (true speciation). During anagenesis, one species is transformed into new one so there is a phyletic change in the course of time and there is no involvement of reproductive isolation. Cladogenesis is considered as true speciation during which new species originate through splitting of pre-existing ones. Different models have been proposed from time to time to explain the modes of speciation. There are two important modes of speciation which are primarily based on geographic factors: allopatric (dichopatric and peripatric) and sympatric. In this article, both allopatric and sympatric modes of speciation are briefly described with the help of suitable examples from Drosophila.

Keywords

Allopatric, Drosophila, Speciation, Sympatric.

Full Text

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How Theodosius Dobzhansky Integrated Genetics With Evolution

Abstract Views :255 | PDF Views:106

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 121, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 201-204

Abstract

In 1859, Charles Darwin proposed his theory of natural selection which acts on variations present in the populations and better varieties are produced in the course of time. Darwin’s theory of natural selection is important, and acts as the main guiding force of evolution. However, he lacked the knowledge of genetics and could not explain the basis of variations. It is only those variations which are important in evolution that have a genetic basis and are inheritable. This gap was filled by Theodosius Dobzhansky who provided the genetic basis of evolution through his book in which he explained various mechanisms of evolution having genetic basis. Dobzhansky also provided the experimental evidence in favour of evolution through his work on Drosophila. He was the first to provide the genetic basis of evolution showing the action of natural selection on genetic variability. He defined evolution as a change in genetic composition of a population. Further, he also contributed to the development of the modern synthetic theory of evolution. That is why the author says Dobzhansky integrated genetics with evolution.

Keywords

Evolution, Genetics, Modern Synthetic Theory, Natural Selection, Population Variations.

Full Text

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Drosophila ananassae: An interesting biological model

Abstract Views :260 | PDF Views:98

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 121, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 465-466

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

No keywords

Full Text

References

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Singh, P. and Singh, B. N., Genet. Res., 2008, 90, 409–419.

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Schug, M. D. et al., Mol. Ecol., 2008, 17, 2706–2721.

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Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Genetika, 2017, 49, 1–20.

Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Indian J. Exp. Biol., 2018, 56, 7–13.

Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Int. J. Biol., 2020, 12, 41–51.

Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Ethol. Ecol. Evolut., 2020, 32, 572–579.

Singh, B. N. and Singh, R., J. Genet., 2017, 96, 1053–1059.

Singh, B. N., J. Sci. Res. (BHU), 2021, 65(1), 85–87.

Singh, B. N., Curr. Sci., 2021, 120, 1282–1283.

Singh, B. N., J. Genet., 2016, 95, 1053–1064.

Singh, B. N., Curr. Sci., 2021, 121, 56–60.

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Singh, B. N., Indian J. Exp. Biol., 2001, 39, 611–622.

Phylogenetic relationship between two sibling species of Drosophila: D. ananassae and D. pallidosa

Abstract Views :232 | PDF Views:89

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India

Source

Current Science, Vol 121, No 7 (2021), Pagination: 873-875

Abstract

No Abstract.

Full Text

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Singh, B. N., J. Sci. Res. (BHU), 2021, 65, 85–87.

Singh, B. N., Curr. Sci., 2021, 120, 1282–1283.

Singh, B. N. and Singh, R., J. Genet., 2017, 96, 1053–1059.

Schug, M. D. et al., Mol. Ecol., 2008, 17, 2706–2721.

Grath, S., Dissertation an der Fakultät für Biologie der Ludwig, Maximilians, Universität München, Germany, 2010.

Vishalakshi, C. and Singh, B. N., Zool. Stud., 2008, 47, 352–359.

Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Indian J. Exp. Biol., 2018, 56, 7–13.

Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Int. J. Biol., 2020, 12, 41–51.

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Singh, R. and Singh, B. N., Ethol., Ecol. Evol., 2020, 32, 572–579.

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Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution and his Concept of Species

Abstract Views :193 | PDF Views:80

Authors

B. N. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 125, No 2 (2023), Pagination: 121-123

Abstract

In the beginning of nineteenth century, when the modern biology was initiated, the first clear recognition and demonstration of the fact of evolution was made by the French naturalist Lamarck who proposed his theory of organic evolution in Philosophie Zoologique discussing brilliantly that all life is the product of evolutionary change. His theory is known as inheritance of acquired characters or theory of use and disuse. However, his theory could not stand up scientific tests so it was not accepted and is of historical importance. Charles Darwin proposed his theory to explain the mechanism of evolution. His theory is based on observations and deductions which was published in his book in 1859 ‘Origin of species by means of natural selection’. His theory had great impact on scientific and intellectual worlds and was acceptable by most biologists. His theory has two components: (i) descent with modification-all species have descended from pre existing species and (ii) natural selection acts as a causative agent of evolutionary change. It is considered as the most important contribution in the history of science which was suggested by Darwin that all the organic beings which have ever lived on this planet have descended from some one primordial form. The theory of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin and the concepts of species followed by him which has been severely commented and debated are briefly described.

Keywords

No Keywords.

Full Text

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